This study investigates ocean currents over a coastal bank along the southern coast of Korea, focusing on their asymmetric response to alongshore wind stress. Variability is larger in the western region of the bank, driven by enhanced cross-shore sea level gradients associated with vertically integrated transport over bank topography. The asymmetry remains robust despite offshore currents and changes in wind conditions.

This study shows a novel approach to improve  a short term variability in Global Mean Sea level (GMSL) reconstruction. The GMSL is an important measure to assess the health of the planet and good GMSL variability (trend removed) measurements are vital to understanding the sea level budget.

Antarctic Bottom Water influences global ocean circulation, heat storage, and carbon uptake. We compared an observational atlas, an ocean reconstruction, and 16 climate models by separating this water into three regional types. The reconstruction matched the observed large-scale patterns well, but many climate models showed substantial regional temperature and salinity errors. Correcting average biases improved some models, although errors in spatial structure remained.

To understand how ocean warming may alter carbon storage, we examined seasonal carbon cycling in the northern Red Sea over five months. As summer warming intensified water-column stratification and reduced nutrient supply, carbon fixation by microscopic algae declined, while a larger fraction of newly produced carbon was released as dissolved material and rapidly respired by bacteria. This near-surface recycling may reduce carbon transfer to depth and weaken ocean carbon storage.

Marine heatwaves in the Mediterranean Sea are intensifying, posing growing threats to marine life and coastal communities. We evaluated if high-resolution regional climate models better capture these extremes compared to the global models driving them. Regional models reliably improve sea surface temperature patterns and marine heatwave duration, but struggle more with heatwave intensity. Higher horizontal resolution alone is not enough, advances in other model components are equally needed.

We found that fluctuations in the marine environment during summer can trigger bloom formation in the nutrient-depleted eastern English Channel. Different storm impacts played various roles in promoting the growth of certain phytoplankton. Surplus nutrients supplied by rivers caused diatom blooms, while wind-driven storms supported the growth of pico- and nano-sized phytoplankton. 

We used man-made chemical markers to study how warm Atlantic origin water moves through the Arctic Ocean. Comparing Fram Strait observations from 2016 to 2021, we found stronger mixing in 2020 and longer transit times in 2021. This variability matters because these waters carry heat into the Arctic Ocean, intensifying its warming. Our findings help improve predictions of the Arctic Ocean climate response and its wider effects on ocean circulation.

The Mediterranean region is one of the fastest-warming areas on Earth, and understanding its changes is thus crucial. We produced a new reconstruction of the Mediterranean climate for the 1993–2024 period, using a modelling system that combines weather, ocean, and hydrology information with observations. This new reanalysis offers a clearer picture of how the region has been warming, drying, and changing over the past 30 years, supporting better studies of extreme events and climate impacts. 

We studied why floating Sargassum seaweed repeatedly reaches the northern Gulf of Guinea, where it affects coastal activities such as fishing. By combining satellite observations with computer simulations, we found two main arrival seasons, in spring and autumn. Most events are driven by seaweed transported from the eastern tropical Atlantic, while winds push it toward the coast and beaching limits how long it persists. Year-to-year changes are linked to shifts in Atlantic climate.