Recent  

This study examines the seasonal patterns of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) blooms in the Bransfield Strait using remote sensing data supported by novel and historical in situ observations. Through satellite data we show that we can identify two distinct phytoplankton niches along a thermal front known as the Peninsula Front: the Transitional Bellingshausen Water and Transitional Weddell Water pools. These findings enable the first climatological description of the chl-a blooms in the Bransfield Strait.

Salinity has been classed as an 'Essential Climate Variable' by the Global Observing System for Climate since 2010 and its compatibility must be ensured to avoid spurious trends and discontinuities. This manuscript accurately characterize the salinity changes based on a long time series of measurements and to specify the compatibility level of long-term salinity change of the Bohai Sea with/without consideration of relative composition variations.

Understanding internal tide generation and propagation is crucial for predicting large-scale circulation and climate change. Internal tides are prone to interacting with background currents with similar spatial scales during propagation. This paper investigates the physical mechanism of the interaction between semidiurnal internal tides and an anticyclonic eddy in the northeastern South China Sea using a numerical model with high spatial and temporal resolution.

This study contributes to the development of methods to estimate targeted ocean ecosystem indicators, including their uncertainty, in the framework of the Copernicus Marine Service. A simplified approach is introduced to perform a 4D ensemble analysis and forecast, directly targetting selected biogeochemical variables and indicators (phenology, trophic efficiency, downward flux of organic matter). Care is taken to present the methods and discuss the reliability of the solution proposed.

We collected observations of the ocean environment at depths over 6000 meters in the Southern Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Western Pacific using sensor-equipped landers. We found that trench locations impact the water characteristics over these depths. Moving northward, they generally warmed but differed due to their position along bottom water circulation paths. These insights stress the importance of further research in understanding the environment of these deep regions and their importance.

Southwesterly winds impact cross-estuary flows by amplifying the eddy viscosity component during smaller tides. Moreover, they modify along-estuary gravitational circulation by diminishing both the barotropic and baroclinic components. Stratification results in contrasting sheared flows, distinguished by different dominant components compared to destratified conditions. Additionally, the eddy viscosity component is governed by various subcomponents in diverse stratified waters.

Fjords are deep coastal features in the nearshore that provide much ecological, economical, and social value despite their relatively small areas. While the deeper waters in the coastal ocean show signs of climate change-induced warming and deoxygenation, this modelling paper highlights a process that can cool and reoxygenate subsurface waters in a fjord for a whole year. We explain how a cold, oxygen-rich water mass originated in winter is able to persist until the next fall in a Canadian fjord.

The North West European Shelf Seas (NWS) are economically and environmentally important, but poorly represented in global climate models (GCMs). We combine use a shelf seas model with GCM output to provide improved 21st century projections of the NWS. We project a NWS warming of 3.11 °C and freshening of −1.01 psu, and provide uncertainty estimates. We calculate the climate signal emergence and consider warming levels. We have released our data for the UKs Climate Change Risk Assessment.

This study employs machine learning to predict marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the Mediterranean Sea. MHWs have far-reaching impacts on society and ecosystems. Using data from ESA and ECMWF, the research develops accurate prediction models for Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and MHWs across the region. Notably, machine learning methods outperform existing forecasting systems, showing promise in early MHW predictions. The study also highlights the importance of solar radiation as a predictor of SST.

By utilizing multi-source observational data and GLORYS12V1 reanalysis data, we investigate the different responses of two warm eddies to typhoon Kalmaegi. Both AE1 and AE2 decrease in area and surface temperature during the typhoon, but other parameter exhibit opposite behaviors in AE1 and AE2. They also have different vertical structures. These differences attributed to their different positions, resulting in downwelling pumping in AE1 and upwelling suction in AE2.