Articles | Volume 22, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-2691-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-2691-2026
Research article
 | 
07 Sep 2026
Research article |  | 07 Sep 2026

Current status of ocean observation, ensemble reanalysis and CMIP6 models in describing Antarctic Bottom Water

Siran Chen, Jiping Liu, and Xianxian Han

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Cited articles

Azaneu, M., Kerr, R., and Mata, M. M.: Assessment of the representation of Antarctic Bottom Water properties in the ECCO2 reanalysis, Ocean Sci., 10, 923–946, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-923-2014, 2014. 
Boucher, O., Denvil, S., Levavasseur, G., Cozic, A., Caubel, A., Foujols, M.-A., Meurdesoif, Y., Cadule, P., Devilliers, M., Ghattas, J., Lebas, N., Lurton, T., Mellul, L., Musat, I., Mignot, J., and Cheruy, F.: IPSL IPSL-CM6A-LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical, Earth System Grid Federation [data set], https://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.5195, 2018. 
Burke, A. and Robinson, L. F.: The Southern Ocean's role in carbon exchange during the last deglaciation, Science, 335, 557–561, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1208163, 2012. 
Chassignet, E. P. and Xu, X.: On the importance of high resolution in large-scale ocean models, Adv. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1621–1634, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-0385-7, 2021. 
Chen, S., Liu, J., and Han, X.: Code and processed data for “Current status of ocean observation, ensemble reanalysis and CMIP6 models in describing Antarctic Bottom Water”, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21466692, 2026. 
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Short summary
Antarctic Bottom Water influences global ocean circulation, heat storage, and carbon uptake. We compared an observational atlas, an ocean reconstruction, and 16 climate models by separating this water into three regional types. The reconstruction matched the observed large-scale patterns well, but many climate models showed substantial regional temperature and salinity errors. Correcting average biases improved some models, although errors in spatial structure remained.
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