Ocean Science
Ocean Science
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Articles | Volume 22, issue 3
Articles | Volume 22, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1875-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1875-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 22, issue 3
Review article
 | Highlight paper
 | 
22 Jun 2026
Review article | Highlight paper |  | 22 Jun 2026

Estuarine mixing

Hans Burchard, Knut Klingbeil, Xiangyu Li, Lloyd Reese, and W. Rockwell Geyer

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Editorial statement
This 'review and perspectives' paper, recently accepted in the Jubilee Special Issue of Ocean Science, provides an authoritative overview of the role of mixing in estuarine circulation. It gives valuable guidance to good and up-to-date practice in estuarine modelling. It will be a valuable resource for anyone wanting to know the state of the art in understanding physical processes in estuaries.
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Short summary
This review presents major aspects of estuarine mixing. Due to the large amounts of brackish water in estuaries produced by mixing of fresh river discharge and salty ocean water, mixing is one major characteristic of what is an estuary. Mixing is quantified locally as well as on estuary-wide scales. Diagnostics of integrated mixing are given for estuarine volumes bounded by transects as well as surfaces of constant salinity moving with the flow. Examples for real-world estuaries are given.
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Special issue
Ocean Science Jubilee: reviews and perspectives