Intensified upwelling: normalized sea surface temperature trends expose climate change in coastal areas

Gutiérrez-Guerra, Miguel Ángel; Pérez-Hernández, María Dolores; Vélez-Belchí, Pedro

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1291-2024

Articles | Volume 20, issue 5

https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1291-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1291-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 20, issue 5

Research article

|

23 Oct 2024

Research article |

| 23 Oct 2024

Intensified upwelling: normalized sea surface temperature trends expose climate change in coastal areas

Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez-Guerra, María Dolores Pérez-Hernández, and Pedro Vélez-Belchí

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1291-2024-supplement

Data sets

ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.f17050d7

OI-SST National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/optimum-interpolation-sst}

Short summary

Eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUSs) are crucial for resources, but climate change poses uncertainties for their future. To assess global warming's impact, we examine Andrew Bakun's 1990 hypothesis of intensified upwelling using deseasonalized sea surface temperature data. A new index, α_UI, normalizes upwelling trends against non-upwelling processes, confirming intensification in all EBUSs and supporting Bakun's hypothesis.