Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-821-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-821-2026
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10 Mar 2026
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 10 Mar 2026

The role of cyclonic eddies in the detachment and separation of Loop Current eddies

Marco Larrañaga, Julien Jouanno, Eric P. Chassignet, Giovanni Durante, Ilkyeong Ma, Julio Sheinbaum, and Lionel Renault

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Editorial statement
Warm-core eddies detached from the Loop Current play a crucial role in transporting substantial heat from the Caribbean to the Gulf of Mexico. Using satellite altimetric observations, the drivers of the detachment and separation of Loop Current eddies were revealed. A notably elongated Loop Current and the intensified presence of cyclonic eddies west of the Florida Shelf are key factors in the process of eddy detachment. Conversely, for the separation of these eddies, it is crucial that intensified cyclonic eddies occur on both sides of the Loop Current. The co-occurrence of eastern and western cyclonic eddies in the Loop Current bottleneck zone leads to the formation of a large cyclonic structure. The latter seems to prevent newly formed Loop Current eddies from reattaching and can limit the growth of the Loop Current during several months. These findings underscore the crucial role of cyclonic eddies in regulating the detachment and separation of Loop Current eddies.
Short summary
We analyze 29 years of satellite altimetry to investigate the detachment of Loop Current Eddies in the Gulf of Mexico. Over half of the Loop Current eddies reattach within a month, while 42 % separate and drift westward. Detachment requires the Loop Current to reach the Mississippi Fan and is strongly influenced by cyclonic eddies, whose configuration determines whether an eddy separates or reattaches to the Loop Current.
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