Articles | Volume 22, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-3121-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-3121-2026
Research article
 | 
08 Oct 2026
Research article |  | 08 Oct 2026

Turbulence and mixing along a microtidal and stratified estuary-shelf transition

Débora Barros, Lauren Ross, and Carlos A. F. Schettini

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Cited articles

ALM – Agência da Lagoa Mirim: Bacia da Lagoa Mirim, https://wp.ufpel.edu.br/alm, last access: 10 September 2023. 
Álvarez‐Silva, O., Becker, M., Flores, R. P., Arévalo, F., Holtermann, P., Cardona, Y., and Winter, C.: The asymmetric hydrodynamic structure of a wind-dominated river plume, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean., 131, e2025JC022720, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JC022720, 2026. 
ANA – Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico: Hidroweb database, https://www.snirh.gov.br/hidroweb, last access: 10 September 2023. 
Arevalo, F. M., Álvarez-Silva, O., Caceres-Euse, A., and Cardona, Y.: Mixing mechanisms at the strongly-stratified Magdalena River's estuary and plume, Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 277, 108077, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2022.108077, 2022. 
Ávila, R. A. and Calil, P. H. R.: Buoyancy-driven effects on turbulent diffusivity induced by a river plume in the southern Brazilian shelf, Ocean Sci. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-66, 2018. 
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Short summary
Coastal waters often show vertical stratification because lighter freshwater overlies denser seawater. Mixing requires kinetic energy, generating turbulence that is difficult to quantify. We investigate the transition from a confined channel to the adjacent coast, where outflow spreads over denser water. Measurements of velocity, salinity, and turbulence show that small geometric changes enhance mixing, especially near the mouth, reaching levels comparable to tide-dominated systems.
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