Ocean Science
Ocean Science
OS
Articles | Volume 22, issue 5
Articles | Volume 22, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-3079-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-3079-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 22, issue 5
Research article
 | 
07 Oct 2026
Research article |  | 07 Oct 2026

Impact of grid resolution on the abyssal ocean representation in numerical models

Daniel M. C. Santos, Mathias Van Caspel, Ralph Timmermann, and Olga T. Sato

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Short summary
Numerical ocean models struggle to reproduce abyssal water properties and the northward spreading of cold, dense water from the Southern Ocean. We tested whether finer vertical or horizontal grid spacing improves performance. Adding more vertical layers near the seafloor improves how models represent cold abyssal water and inter-basin pathways. Finer horizontal spacing alone degrades abyssal properties. Combining both refinements better captures abyssal water mass structure in narrow passages.
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