Ocean Science
Ocean Science
OS
Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1051-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1051-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
Research article
 | 
26 Mar 2026
Research article |  | 26 Mar 2026

Advances in monitoring the Black Sea: a new regional multidecadal ocean reanalysis at 1∕40° resolution

Leonardo Lima, Diana Azevedo, Mehmet Ilicak, Eric Jansen, Filipe Costa, Adil Sozer, Pietro Miraglio, and Emanuela Clementi

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Short summary
We used a high-resolution ocean model to investigate how the Black Sea is responding to external drivers, including climate change. Our results show clear warming, particularly in the upper 150 m, and reveal significant changes in ocean circulation and water masses. The model also supports the development of ocean monitoring indicators that help track the sea’s response to climate-related trends and improve our understanding of how ocean conditions in the Black Sea evolve.
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