Ocean Science
Ocean Science
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Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-3241-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-3241-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
Research article
 | 
02 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 02 Dec 2025

Local and remote climatic drivers of extreme summer sea surface temperatures in the Arabian Gulf

Zouhair Lachkar, Olivier Pauluis, Francesco Paparella, Basit Khan, and John A. Burt

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Short summary
An analysis of model and reanalysis data reveals that extreme summer sea surface temperatures in the Arabian/Persian Gulf are driven by weakened local Shamal winds and intensified monsoon winds over the Arabian Sea. These conditions – typically associated with La Niña and a negative North Atlantic Oscillation phase – increase air moisture over the Gulf and enhance surface heat trapping. The findings offer promising prospects for forecasting summer marine heatwaves in the Gulf.
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