Articles | Volume 20, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-433-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-433-2024
Research article
 | 
26 Mar 2024
Research article |  | 26 Mar 2024

Investigating extreme marine summers in the Mediterranean Sea

Dimitra Denaxa, Gerasimos Korres, Emmanouil Flaounas, and Maria Hatzaki

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Cited articles

Adloff, F., Somot, S., Sevault, F., Jordà, G., Aznar, R., Déqué, M., Herrmann, M., Marcos, M., Dubois, C., Padorno, E., Alvarez-Fanjul, E., and Gomis, D.: Mediterranean Sea response to climate change in an ensemble of twenty first century scenarios, Clim. Dynam., 45, 2775–2802, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2507-3, 2015. 
Alexander, M. A., Scott, J. D., Friedland, K. D., Mills, K. E., Nye, J. A., Pershing, A. J., and Thomas, A. C.: Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans, Elementa, 6, 9, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.191, 2018. 
Ali, E., Cramer, W., Carnicer, J., Georgopoulou, E., Hilmi, N. J. M., Le Cozannet, G., and Lionello, P.: Cross-Chapter Paper 4: Mediterranean Region, in: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D. C., Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E. S., Mintenbeck, K., Alegría, A., Craig, M., Langsdorf, S., Löschke, S., Möller, V., Okem, A., and Rama, B., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2233–2272, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009325844.021, 2022. 
Bell, B., Hersbach, H., Berrisford, P., Dahlgren, P., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Radu, R., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., and Thépaut, J.-N.: ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1950 to 1978 (preliminary version), Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-single-levels-preliminary-back-extension?tab=overview (last access: January 2023), 2020. 
Bulgin, C. E., Merchant, C. J., and Ferreira, D.: Tendencies, variability and persistence of sea surface temperature anomalies, Sci. Rep., 10, 7986, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64785-9, 2020. 
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Short summary
This study explores extreme marine summers (EMSs) in the Mediterranean Sea using sea surface temperature (SST) data. EMSs arise mainly due to the warmest summer days being unusually warm. Air–sea heat fluxes drive EMSs in northern regions, where also enhanced marine heatwave conditions are found during EMSs. Long-term SST changes lead to warmer EMSs while not affecting the way daily SST values are organized during EMSs. Findings enhance comprehension of anomalously warm conditions in the basin.
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