Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-3427-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-3427-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| Highlight paper
| 
11 Dec 2025
Review article | Highlight paper |
| 11 Dec 2025
| 11 Dec 2025
Silicification in the ocean: from molecular pathways to silicifiers' ecology and biogeochemical cycles
Ivia Closset
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Dynamicum Erik Palménin aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland
Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
J. Jotautas Baronas
Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
Fiorenza Torricella
Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences, MIGe, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Instituto of Polar Sciences, ISP-CNR, Bologna, Italy
Félix de Tombeur
CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
Bianca T. P. Liguori
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
Alessandra Petrucciani
Dipartimento di scienze della vita e dell'ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
CIRCC, Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi, Italy
Natasha Bryan
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for polar and marine research, Bremerhaven, Germany
María López-Acosta
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
Yelena Churakova
Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
Antonia U. Thielecke
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for polar and marine research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Zhouling Zhang
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
Natalia Llopis Monferrer
Sorbonne University, CNRS, UMR7144 Adaptation and Diversity in Marine Environment (AD2M) Laboratory, Ecology of Marine Plankton team, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA, USA
Rebecca A. Pickering
Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Mathis Guyomard
LOCEAN-IPSL, Sorbonne Université (SU, CNRS, IRD, MNHN), Paris, France
Dongdong Zhu
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Hannah Krüger, Gerhard Schmiedl, Zvi Steiner, Zhouling Zhang, Eric P. Achterberg, and Nicolaas Glock
J. Micropalaeontol., 44, 193–211, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-44-193-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-44-193-2025, 2025
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The biodiversity and abundance of benthic foraminifera tend to increase with distance within a transect from the Rainbow hydrothermal vent field. Miliolids dominate closer to the vents and may be better adapted to the potentially hydrothermal conditions than hyaline and agglutinated species. The reason for this remains unclear, but there are indications that elevated trace-metal concentrations in the porewater and intrusion of acidic hydrothermal fluids could have an influence on the foraminifera.
Giulia Lodi, Julia Cooke, Rebecca A. Pickering, Lucie Cassarino, Mike Murray-Hudson, Keotshephile Mosimane, and Daniel J. Conley
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-225, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-225, 2024
Preprint archived
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Papyrus, Cyperus papyrus, is abundant in the Okavango Delta. We explored nutrient and Silicon (Si) isotopes distribution in papyrus to learn more about how this species affects nutrient cycles which are still moderately understood in Botswana. We found large amounts of Si in roots, rhizomes, stems and umbels. We showed that this plant takes up lighter Si isotopes and deposits lighter isotopes first, starting in the roots, leading to an enrichment in heavy isotopes along the transpiration stream.
Romana Melis, Lucilla Capotondi, Fiorenza Torricella, Patrizia Ferretti, Andrea Geniram, Jong Kuk Hong, Gerhard Kuhn, Boo-Keun Khim, Sookwan Kim, Elisa Malinverno, Kyu Cheul Yoo, and Ester Colizza
J. Micropalaeontol., 40, 15–35, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-15-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-15-2021, 2021
Short summary
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Integrated micropaleontological (planktic and benthic foraminifera, diatoms, and silicoflagellates) analysis, together with textural and geochemical results of a deep-sea core from the Hallett Ridge (northwestern Ross Sea), provides new data for late Quaternary (23–2 ka) paleoenvironmental and paleoceanographic reconstructions of this region. Results allow us to identify three time intervals: the glacial–deglacial transition, the deglacial period, and the interglacial period.
Paul J. Tréguer, Jill N. Sutton, Mark Brzezinski, Matthew A. Charette, Timothy Devries, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Claudia Ehlert, Jon Hawkings, Aude Leynaert, Su Mei Liu, Natalia Llopis Monferrer, María López-Acosta, Manuel Maldonado, Shaily Rahman, Lihua Ran, and Olivier Rouxel
Biogeosciences, 18, 1269–1289, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1269-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1269-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Silicon is the second most abundant element of the Earth's crust. In this review, we show that silicon inputs and outputs, to and from the world ocean, are 57 % and 37 % higher, respectively, than previous estimates. These changes are significant, modifying factors such as the geochemical residence time of silicon, which is now about 8000 years and 2 times faster than previously assumed. We also update the total biogenic silica pelagic production and provide an estimate for sponge production.
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Co-editor-in-chief
This paper in the Ocean Science Jubilee Special Issue is a multidisciplinary review of silicon in the ocean (and in fact also in the earth system). It presents "everything you ever wanted to know about silicates but were afraid to ask". In addition to its scientific excellence and thoroughness as a review, it is also noteworthy for being entirely conceived and written by a group of early career researchers who decided to work together on this topic. We commend their initiative!
This paper in the Ocean Science Jubilee Special Issue is a multidisciplinary review of silicon...
Short summary
This review explores how various forms of marine life, from picoplankton to giant sponges, transform and control silicon to form silica-based structures, and how this process shapes the ocean silicon cycle. It also highlights the overlooked role of dynamic boundary zones where land, seafloor and ice meet seawater, and explains how combining biology and geochemistry can improve paleoceanographic proxies, biogeochemical models, and predictions of climate-driven changes in ocean productivity.
This review explores how various forms of marine life, from picoplankton to giant sponges,...
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