Articles | Volume 19, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-141-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-141-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
20 Feb 2023
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 20 Feb 2023
| 20 Feb 2023
On the ocean's response to enhanced Greenland runoff in model experiments: relevance of mesoscale dynamics and atmospheric coupling
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Arne Biastoch
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Cited
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Freshwater input from glacier melt outside Greenland alters modeled northern high-latitude ocean circulation J. Malles et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-347-2025
- Shutdown of northern Atlantic overturning after 2100 following deep mixing collapse in CMIP6 projections S. Drijfhout et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adfa3b
- Climate tipping point interactions and cascades: a review N. Wunderling et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-41-2024
- Drivers of coupled climate model biases in representing Labrador Sea convection G. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-023-07068-z
- Multistability and intermediate tipping of the Atlantic Ocean circulation J. Lohmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi4253
- Opportunities for Earth Observation to Inform Risk Management for Ocean Tipping Points R. Wood et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-024-09859-3
- Limited impact of Greenland meltwater on abruptness and reversibility of future Atlantic overturning changes O. Mehling et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2633
- On warm bias and mesoscale dynamics setting the Southern Ocean large-scale circulation mean state M. Zeller & T. Martin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102426
- Challenges simulating the AMOC in climate models L. Jackson et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0187
- Atlantic overturning inferred from air-sea heat fluxes indicates no decline since the 1960s J. Terhaar et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55297-5
- Improved European heat event simulation in eddy-resolving climate models J. Krüger et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03145-9
- Interactive coupling of a Greenland ice sheet model in NorESM2 H. Goelzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7853-2025
- Impact of ocean resolution on the North Atlantic bias in the FOCI-OpenIFS climate model T. Sieker et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-026-08110-6
- Seasonal and interannual variability in freshwater sources for Greenland's fjords A. Vries et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3897-2025
- Do Salinity Variations Along the East Greenland Shelf Show Imprints of Increasing Meltwater Runoff? I. Schiller‐Weiss et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JC019890
- Rapid subsurface warming in the subpolar North Atlantic from freshening L. Menviel et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70635-5
- Temperature-based diagnosis of the Gulf Stream path overestimates its northward shift in a warming ocean L. Garcia-Suarez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1183-2026
- Ocean response to a century of observation-based freshwater forcing around Greenland in EC-Earth3 M. Devilliers et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-024-07142-0
- Decadal changes in Atlantic overturning due to the excessive 1990s Labrador Sea convection C. Böning et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40323-9
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Freshwater input from glacier melt outside Greenland alters modeled northern high-latitude ocean circulation J. Malles et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-347-2025
- Shutdown of northern Atlantic overturning after 2100 following deep mixing collapse in CMIP6 projections S. Drijfhout et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adfa3b
- Climate tipping point interactions and cascades: a review N. Wunderling et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-41-2024
- Drivers of coupled climate model biases in representing Labrador Sea convection G. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-023-07068-z
- Multistability and intermediate tipping of the Atlantic Ocean circulation J. Lohmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi4253
- Opportunities for Earth Observation to Inform Risk Management for Ocean Tipping Points R. Wood et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-024-09859-3
- Limited impact of Greenland meltwater on abruptness and reversibility of future Atlantic overturning changes O. Mehling et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2633
- On warm bias and mesoscale dynamics setting the Southern Ocean large-scale circulation mean state M. Zeller & T. Martin https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102426
- Challenges simulating the AMOC in climate models L. Jackson et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0187
- Atlantic overturning inferred from air-sea heat fluxes indicates no decline since the 1960s J. Terhaar et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55297-5
- Improved European heat event simulation in eddy-resolving climate models J. Krüger et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03145-9
- Interactive coupling of a Greenland ice sheet model in NorESM2 H. Goelzer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-7853-2025
- Impact of ocean resolution on the North Atlantic bias in the FOCI-OpenIFS climate model T. Sieker et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-026-08110-6
- Seasonal and interannual variability in freshwater sources for Greenland's fjords A. Vries et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3897-2025
- Do Salinity Variations Along the East Greenland Shelf Show Imprints of Increasing Meltwater Runoff? I. Schiller‐Weiss et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JC019890
- Rapid subsurface warming in the subpolar North Atlantic from freshening L. Menviel et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70635-5
- Temperature-based diagnosis of the Gulf Stream path overestimates its northward shift in a warming ocean L. Garcia-Suarez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-22-1183-2026
- Ocean response to a century of observation-based freshwater forcing around Greenland in EC-Earth3 M. Devilliers et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-024-07142-0
- Decadal changes in Atlantic overturning due to the excessive 1990s Labrador Sea convection C. Böning et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40323-9
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 26 Jun 2026
Editorial statement
Increasing Greenland Ice Sheet--melting is anticipated to impact water mass transformation in the subpolar North Atlantic and ultimately the meridional overturning circulation. Greenland meltwater redistribution pathways in and impact on the subpolar North Atlantic and overturning circulation is currently among the most debated topics. The manuscript provides new insights to both physical oceanographic processes and climate modelling. Based on a systematic setup of model configurations the importance of atmospheric feedbacks and mesoscale dynamics for specific regions of the subpolar North Atlantic are emphasized. This reaches beyond aspects of model techniques and also addresses the need for continued and improved observations in critical locations of the subpolar North Atlantic gyre circulation.
Increasing Greenland Ice Sheet--melting is anticipated to impact water mass transformation in...
Short summary
How is the ocean affected by continued Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss? We show in a systematic set of model experiments that atmospheric feedback needs to be accounted for as the large-scale ocean circulation is more than twice as sensitive to the meltwater otherwise. Coastal winds, boundary currents, and ocean eddies play a key role in redistributing the meltwater. Eddy paramterization helps the coarse simulation to perform better in the Labrador Sea but not in the North Atlantic Current region.
How is the ocean affected by continued Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss? We show in a systematic...
