This study compares both microstructure shear and thermistor data, and finds very weak dissipations rates down to O(10^-12) W kg^-1. The direct microstructure observations are compared to a finescale parameterization and Thorpe sorting method, for which we find good comparison. Insights into the relative roles between isoneutral and dianeutral mixing are obtained by using the triple decomposition framework.

It is possible to close the sea level rise budget, but we can’t estimate the underlying processes, such as ocean mixing or how sunlight penetrates into the deep ocean. This study estimates the size of these processes and how well we know them. It turns out we don’t know them very well, or how they will change in the future. This should worry us and we need to do more ocean observations to improve our understanding how these processes will change and impact future sea level rise.

The bluebottle (Physalia physalis), or Portuguese man o' war, is well known for the painful stings caused by its tentacles. Its drifting dynamics have not been widely explored, with previous studies using simple assumptions to calculate its drift. Considering similarities with a sailboat, we present a new theoretical model for the drifting speed and course of the bluebottle in different wind and ocean conditions, providing new insights into the parameterization of its complex drifting dynamics.