Articles | Volume 16, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-593-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-593-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Spatiotemporal variability of light attenuation and net ecosystem metabolism in a back-barrier estuary
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center,
Woods Hole, MA, USA
Jeremy M. Testa
Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for
Environmental Science, Solomons, MD, USA
Steven E. Suttles
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center,
Woods Hole, MA, USA
Alfredo L. Aretxabaleta
U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center,
Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Tarandeep S. Kalra, Neil K. Ganju, and Jeremy M. Testa
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Water levels in bays are affected by open-ocean changes and wind. Tides are more dampened in the bays than storm surges and sea level rise. We compare observed and modeled levels with ocean conditions and combine them with analytical models. We consider the local setup, caused by wind along the bay. Expansion using the ADCIRC tidal database will allow coverage of other bay systems on the United States East Coast. Spatial estimates of water level can inform decisions about bay flooding hazards.
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Estuaries are productive ecosystems that provide habitat for flora and fauna. We measured changes in light and oxygen, along with variables such as tides and waves, to understand how productivity in the estuary changed over daily and seasonal time periods. We found large differences in productivity between channels and seagrass beds, as well as a link between light climate and productivity. This study will help us understand how estuaries will respond to future changes in conditions.
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Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a factor in determining penetration of light in estuaries. Important plant species growing in the beds of estuaries depend on such light penetration for survival. Previous studies have used CDOM fluorescence to approximate light absorption by CDOM but have found variable relationships between fluorescence and absorbance. This paper describes this variability in three east coast estuaries, and shows that this conversion is dependent on CDOM source.
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Light availability to seagrass is an important factor in their success. We deployed instrumentation to measure light in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, and found lower availability in the southern bay due to high turbidity (suspended sediment), while the northern bay has higher availability. In the northern bay, dissolved organic material and chlorophyll are most responsible for blocking light to the seagrass canopy. We also found that boat wakes do not have a large effect on sediment resuspension.
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The paper covers the description of a 3-D open-source model that dynamically couples the biophysical interactions between submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), hydrodynamics (currents, waves), sediment dynamics, and nutrient loading. Based on SAV growth model, SAV can use growth or dieback while contributing and sequestering nutrients from the water column (modifying the biological environment) and subsequently affect the hydrodynamics and sediment transport (modifying the physical environment).
Alfredo L. Aretxabaleta, Neil K. Ganju, Zafer Defne, and Richard P. Signell
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Water levels in bays are affected by open-ocean changes and wind. Tides are more dampened in the bays than storm surges and sea level rise. We compare observed and modeled levels with ocean conditions and combine them with analytical models. We consider the local setup, caused by wind along the bay. Expansion using the ADCIRC tidal database will allow coverage of other bay systems on the United States East Coast. Spatial estimates of water level can inform decisions about bay flooding hazards.
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Revised manuscript not accepted
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Estuaries are productive ecosystems that provide habitat for flora and fauna. We measured changes in light and oxygen, along with variables such as tides and waves, to understand how productivity in the estuary changed over daily and seasonal time periods. We found large differences in productivity between channels and seagrass beds, as well as a link between light climate and productivity. This study will help us understand how estuaries will respond to future changes in conditions.
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The paper details the sensitivity of vegetation properties that are input to a 3-D submerged aquatic vegetation model within a coupled hydrodynamics and wave model. It describes a novel strategy to perform sensitivity analysis efficiently by using a combination of the Effective Quadratures method and Sobol' indices. This method reduces the number of simulations to understand the sensitivity patterns and also quantifies the amount of sensitivity.
Isaac D. Irby, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs, Aaron J. Bever, Raleigh R. Hood, Lyon W. J. Lanerolle, Ming Li, Lewis Linker, Malcolm E. Scully, Kevin Sellner, Jian Shen, Jeremy Testa, Hao Wang, Ping Wang, and Meng Xia
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Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a factor in determining penetration of light in estuaries. Important plant species growing in the beds of estuaries depend on such light penetration for survival. Previous studies have used CDOM fluorescence to approximate light absorption by CDOM but have found variable relationships between fluorescence and absorbance. This paper describes this variability in three east coast estuaries, and shows that this conversion is dependent on CDOM source.
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We estimate global surface salinity means and trends using historical (1950-2014) monthly fields and recent SMOS satellite data. We separate the regimes by fitting a Gaussian Mixture Model with a non-subjective method. There are three separate regimes: A (1950-1990) with small trends; B (1990-2009) with enhanced trends; and C (2009-2014) with significantly larger trends. The trend acceleration could be related to an enhanced hydrological cycle or to changes in sampling methodology.
N. K. Ganju, J. L. Miselis, and A. L. Aretxabaleta
Biogeosciences, 11, 7193–7205, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-7193-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-7193-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Light availability to seagrass is an important factor in their success. We deployed instrumentation to measure light in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, and found lower availability in the southern bay due to high turbidity (suspended sediment), while the northern bay has higher availability. In the northern bay, dissolved organic material and chlorophyll are most responsible for blocking light to the seagrass canopy. We also found that boat wakes do not have a large effect on sediment resuspension.
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Short summary
Seagrasses, as plants, need light for photosynthesis and production. This study measured the changes in productivity and light in a back-barrier estuary and connected those changes with the type of seabed within the estuary. We found that the locations with seagrass on the seabed had more light getting through the water and higher productivity because of the way seagrass keeps sediment on the seabed during wave events. When sediment stays on the bed, it cannot reduce the light in the water.
Seagrasses, as plants, need light for photosynthesis and production. This study measured the...