Articles | Volume 11, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-591-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-591-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Exploring the isopycnal mixing and helium–heat paradoxes in a suite of Earth system models
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
M.-A. Pradal
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
R. Abernathey
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Sensitivity of Global Ocean Deoxygenation to Vertical and Isopycnal Mixing in an Ocean Biogeochemistry Model T. Ito et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GB007151
- On the observability of turbulent transport rates by Argo: supporting evidence from an inversion experiment G. Forget et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-839-2015
- Objective estimates of mantle 3He in the ocean and implications for constraining the deep ocean circulation M. Holzer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.10.054
- The Sensitivity of the Proportionality between Temperature Change and Cumulative CO2 Emissions to Ocean Mixing D. Ehlert et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0247.1
- The Impact of Parameterized Lateral Mixing on the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in a Coupled Climate Model S. Ragen et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0249.1
- Feedbacks Driving Interdecadal Variability in Southern Ocean Convection in Climate Models: A Coupled Oscillator Mechanism A. Gnanadesikan et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-20-0037.1
- Radiocarbon and Helium Isotope Constraints on Deep Ocean Ventilation and Mantle‐3He Sources T. DeVries & M. Holzer https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014716
- Variations in Ocean Deoxygenation Across Earth System Models: Isolating the Role of Parameterized Lateral Mixing A. Bahl et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GB006121
- Ventilation of the Southern Ocean Pycnocline A. Morrison et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-011012
- Impact of Lateral Mixing in the Ocean on El Nino in a Suite of Fully Coupled Climate Models A. Gnanadesikan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS000917
- Scaling Global Warming Impacts on Ocean Ecosystems: Lessons From a Suite of Earth System Models A. Bahl et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00698
- Hydrothermal Heat Enhances Abyssal Mixing in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current S. Downes et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080410
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Sensitivity of Global Ocean Deoxygenation to Vertical and Isopycnal Mixing in an Ocean Biogeochemistry Model T. Ito et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GB007151
- On the observability of turbulent transport rates by Argo: supporting evidence from an inversion experiment G. Forget et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-839-2015
- Objective estimates of mantle 3He in the ocean and implications for constraining the deep ocean circulation M. Holzer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.10.054
- The Sensitivity of the Proportionality between Temperature Change and Cumulative CO2 Emissions to Ocean Mixing D. Ehlert et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0247.1
- The Impact of Parameterized Lateral Mixing on the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in a Coupled Climate Model S. Ragen et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0249.1
- Feedbacks Driving Interdecadal Variability in Southern Ocean Convection in Climate Models: A Coupled Oscillator Mechanism A. Gnanadesikan et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-20-0037.1
- Radiocarbon and Helium Isotope Constraints on Deep Ocean Ventilation and Mantle‐3He Sources T. DeVries & M. Holzer https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014716
- Variations in Ocean Deoxygenation Across Earth System Models: Isolating the Role of Parameterized Lateral Mixing A. Bahl et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GB006121
- Ventilation of the Southern Ocean Pycnocline A. Morrison et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-011012
- Impact of Lateral Mixing in the Ocean on El Nino in a Suite of Fully Coupled Climate Models A. Gnanadesikan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS000917
- Scaling Global Warming Impacts on Ocean Ecosystems: Lessons From a Suite of Earth System Models A. Bahl et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00698
- Hydrothermal Heat Enhances Abyssal Mixing in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current S. Downes et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080410
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 15 Sep 2026
Short summary
Many ocean circulation models use representations of lateral mixing based on instability theories that predict weak mixing in the ocean interior, much lower than observed. We show that using more realistic mixing improves the distribution of mantle helium-3. It does not, however, resolve the paradox that models reproduce the relationship between mantle helium and radiocarbon with a flux of helium-3 lower than is consistent with the heat leaving the mantle.
Many ocean circulation models use representations of lateral mixing based on instability...