Measuring air–sea gas-exchange velocities in a large-scale annular wind–wave tank

Mesarchaki, E.; Kräuter, C.; Krall, K. E.; Bopp, M.; Helleis, F.; Williams, J.; Jähne, B.

doi:10.5194/os-11-121-2015

Articles | Volume 11, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-121-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Special issue:

Air-sea flux climatology; progress and future prospects (BG/ACP/OS...

https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-121-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 11, issue 1

Research article

|

28 Jan 2015

Research article |

| 28 Jan 2015

Measuring air–sea gas-exchange velocities in a large-scale annular wind–wave tank

E. Mesarchaki, C. Kräuter, K. E. Krall, M. Bopp, F. Helleis, J. Williams, and B. Jähne

Viewed

Total article views: 6,113 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,186	2,699	228	6,113	248	287

HTML: 3,186
PDF: 2,699
XML: 228
Total: 6,113
BibTeX: 248
EndNote: 287

Views and downloads (calculated since 23 Jun 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2014	50	36	2	88
Jul 2014	58	36	4	98
Aug 2014	23	17	7	47
Sep 2014	40	34	5	79
Oct 2014	25	16	2	43
Nov 2014	12	19	2	33
Dec 2014	17	16	1	34
Jan 2015	35	17	2	54
Feb 2015	49	31	0	80
Mar 2015	20	15	0	35
Apr 2015	52	22	0	74
May 2015	24	22	0	46
Jun 2015	37	19	2	58
Jul 2015	39	14	0	53
Aug 2015	14	9	0	23
Sep 2015	15	9	1	25
Oct 2015	24	13	2	39
Nov 2015	33	14	1	48
Dec 2015	8	10	0	18
Jan 2016	27	10	1	38
Feb 2016	16	13	1	30
Mar 2016	23	18	0	41
Apr 2016	12	7	0	19
May 2016	14	7	0	21
Jun 2016	7	4	1	12
Jul 2016	17	3	2	22
Aug 2016	13	5	0	18
Sep 2016	8	2	0	10
Oct 2016	14	9	0	23
Nov 2016	14	11	0	25
Dec 2016	17	10	1	28
Jan 2017	25	5	0	30
Feb 2017	14	2	0	16
Mar 2017	42	13	4	59
Apr 2017	39	6	0	45
May 2017	43	6	0	49
Jun 2017	41	4	0	45
Jul 2017	22	2	1	25
Aug 2017	14	11	0	25
Sep 2017	25	11	0	36
Oct 2017	16	19	0	35
Nov 2017	24	25	0	49
Dec 2017	25	29	0	54
Jan 2018	19	54	0	73
Feb 2018	26	52	0	78
Mar 2018	34	48	1	83
Apr 2018	35	50	0	85
May 2018	23	61	1	85
Jun 2018	31	57	0	88
Jul 2018	23	52	0	75
Aug 2018	24	56	0	80
Sep 2018	29	51	0	80
Oct 2018	46	65	1	112
Nov 2018	40	59	1	100
Dec 2018	28	42	2	72
Jan 2019	19	50	0	69
Feb 2019	40	45	0	85
Mar 2019	22	52	1	75
Apr 2019	14	59	1	74
May 2019	23	43	2	68
Jun 2019	10	45	0	55
Jul 2019	17	57	0	74
Aug 2019	23	50	0	73
Sep 2019	11	43	1	55
Oct 2019	20	43	0	63
Nov 2019	23	39	0	62
Dec 2019	20	39	0	59
Jan 2020	31	14	2	47
Feb 2020	18	6	0	24
Mar 2020	16	10	0	26
Apr 2020	13	9	0	22
May 2020	26	10	1	37
Jun 2020	24	8	0	32
Jul 2020	73	51	44	168
Aug 2020	24	8	6	38
Sep 2020	10	12	0	22
Oct 2020	13	8	0	21
Nov 2020	11	7	0	18
Dec 2020	25	9	0	34
Jan 2021	30	17	0	47
Feb 2021	17	6	0	23
Mar 2021	13	4	3	20
Apr 2021	16	11	0	27
May 2021	26	12	1	39
Jun 2021	18	12	2	32
Jul 2021	20	10	1	31
Aug 2021	21	13	2	36
Sep 2021	13	18	1	32
Oct 2021	18	39	1	58
Nov 2021	14	20	4	38
Dec 2021	16	12	2	30
Jan 2022	12	17	1	30
Feb 2022	9	3	3	15
Mar 2022	14	10	1	25
Apr 2022	10	5	1	16
May 2022	8	6	0	14
Jun 2022	6	3	2	11
Jul 2022	4	7	1	12
Aug 2022	10	4	0	14
Sep 2022	8	7	0	15
Oct 2022	16	8	1	25
Nov 2022	18	6	0	24
Dec 2022	17	14	2	33
Jan 2023	14	11	0	25
Feb 2023	11	6	1	18
Mar 2023	12	10	1	23
Apr 2023	7	11	0	18
May 2023	11	13	4	28
Jun 2023	10	7	0	17
Jul 2023	7	16	0	23
Aug 2023	11	15	2	28
Sep 2023	12	17	1	30
Oct 2023	9	5	1	15
Nov 2023	6	0	6
Dec 2023	15	7	2	24
Jan 2024	15	9	1	25
Feb 2024	17	7	3	27
Mar 2024	13	7	4	24
Apr 2024	24	23	9	56
May 2024	13	14	2	29
Jun 2024	51	12	14	77
Jul 2024	11	8	0	19
Aug 2024	33	4	5	42
Sep 2024	15	9	2	26
Oct 2024	17	11	0	28
Nov 2024	12	10	1	23
Dec 2024	21	8	3	32
Jan 2025	19	7	0	26
Feb 2025	22	7	1	30
Mar 2025	20	6	1	27
Apr 2025	22	14	3	39
May 2025	25	9	1	35
Jun 2025	49	19	1	69
Jul 2025	28	12	3	43
Aug 2025	43	5	2	50
Sep 2025	44	11	4	59
Oct 2025	22	22	4	48
Nov 2025	28	21	2	51
Dec 2025	31	22	3	56
Jan 2026	61	31	6	98
Feb 2026	38	10	3	51
Mar 2026	38	33	2	73
Apr 2026	4	1	1	6

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 23 Jun 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2014	50	36	2	88
Jul 2014	58	36	4	98
Aug 2014	23	17	7	47
Sep 2014	40	34	5	79
Oct 2014	25	16	2	43
Nov 2014	12	19	2	33
Dec 2014	17	16	1	34
Jan 2015	35	17	2	54
Feb 2015	49	31	0	80
Mar 2015	20	15	0	35
Apr 2015	52	22	0	74
May 2015	24	22	0	46
Jun 2015	37	19	2	58
Jul 2015	39	14	0	53
Aug 2015	14	9	0	23
Sep 2015	15	9	1	25
Oct 2015	24	13	2	39
Nov 2015	33	14	1	48
Dec 2015	8	10	0	18
Jan 2016	27	10	1	38
Feb 2016	16	13	1	30
Mar 2016	23	18	0	41
Apr 2016	12	7	0	19
May 2016	14	7	0	21
Jun 2016	7	4	1	12
Jul 2016	17	3	2	22
Aug 2016	13	5	0	18
Sep 2016	8	2	0	10
Oct 2016	14	9	0	23
Nov 2016	14	11	0	25
Dec 2016	17	10	1	28
Jan 2017	25	5	0	30
Feb 2017	14	2	0	16
Mar 2017	42	13	4	59
Apr 2017	39	6	0	45
May 2017	43	6	0	49
Jun 2017	41	4	0	45
Jul 2017	22	2	1	25
Aug 2017	14	11	0	25
Sep 2017	25	11	0	36
Oct 2017	16	19	0	35
Nov 2017	24	25	0	49
Dec 2017	25	29	0	54
Jan 2018	19	54	0	73
Feb 2018	26	52	0	78
Mar 2018	34	48	1	83
Apr 2018	35	50	0	85
May 2018	23	61	1	85
Jun 2018	31	57	0	88
Jul 2018	23	52	0	75
Aug 2018	24	56	0	80
Sep 2018	29	51	0	80
Oct 2018	46	65	1	112
Nov 2018	40	59	1	100
Dec 2018	28	42	2	72
Jan 2019	19	50	0	69
Feb 2019	40	45	0	85
Mar 2019	22	52	1	75
Apr 2019	14	59	1	74
May 2019	23	43	2	68
Jun 2019	10	45	0	55
Jul 2019	17	57	0	74
Aug 2019	23	50	0	73
Sep 2019	11	43	1	55
Oct 2019	20	43	0	63
Nov 2019	23	39	0	62
Dec 2019	20	39	0	59
Jan 2020	31	14	2	47
Feb 2020	18	6	0	24
Mar 2020	16	10	0	26
Apr 2020	13	9	0	22
May 2020	26	10	1	37
Jun 2020	24	8	0	32
Jul 2020	73	51	44	168
Aug 2020	24	8	6	38
Sep 2020	10	12	0	22
Oct 2020	13	8	0	21
Nov 2020	11	7	0	18
Dec 2020	25	9	0	34
Jan 2021	30	17	0	47
Feb 2021	17	6	0	23
Mar 2021	13	4	3	20
Apr 2021	16	11	0	27
May 2021	26	12	1	39
Jun 2021	18	12	2	32
Jul 2021	20	10	1	31
Aug 2021	21	13	2	36
Sep 2021	13	18	1	32
Oct 2021	18	39	1	58
Nov 2021	14	20	4	38
Dec 2021	16	12	2	30
Jan 2022	12	17	1	30
Feb 2022	9	3	3	15
Mar 2022	14	10	1	25
Apr 2022	10	5	1	16
May 2022	8	6	0	14
Jun 2022	6	3	2	11
Jul 2022	4	7	1	12
Aug 2022	10	4	0	14
Sep 2022	8	7	0	15
Oct 2022	16	8	1	25
Nov 2022	18	6	0	24
Dec 2022	17	14	2	33
Jan 2023	14	11	0	25
Feb 2023	11	6	1	18
Mar 2023	12	10	1	23
Apr 2023	7	11	0	18
May 2023	11	13	4	28
Jun 2023	10	7	0	17
Jul 2023	7	16	0	23
Aug 2023	11	15	2	28
Sep 2023	12	17	1	30
Oct 2023	9	5	1	15
Nov 2023	6	0	6
Dec 2023	15	7	2	24
Jan 2024	15	9	1	25
Feb 2024	17	7	3	27
Mar 2024	13	7	4	24
Apr 2024	24	23	9	56
May 2024	13	14	2	29
Jun 2024	51	12	14	77
Jul 2024	11	8	0	19
Aug 2024	33	4	5	42
Sep 2024	15	9	2	26
Oct 2024	17	11	0	28
Nov 2024	12	10	1	23
Dec 2024	21	8	3	32
Jan 2025	19	7	0	26
Feb 2025	22	7	1	30
Mar 2025	20	6	1	27
Apr 2025	22	14	3	39
May 2025	25	9	1	35
Jun 2025	49	19	1	69
Jul 2025	28	12	3	43
Aug 2025	43	5	2	50
Sep 2025	44	11	4	59
Oct 2025	22	22	4	48
Nov 2025	28	21	2	51
Dec 2025	31	22	3	56
Jan 2026	61	31	6	98
Feb 2026	38	10	3	51
Mar 2026	38	33	2	73
Apr 2026	4	1	1	6

Latest update: 03 Apr 2026

Short summary

Our article presents successful gas exchange measurements obtained in a large-scale wind-wave tank. The adopted box model methodology, experimental produce and instrumentation are described in detail. For the first time, parallel measurements of total transfer velocities for 14 individual gases within a wide range of solubility have been achieved. Various wind speed conditions and the effect of surfactant layers have been investigated providing exciting results.