Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2022-12
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2022-12
23 Feb 2022
 | 23 Feb 2022
Status: this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors.

Gravity disturbance driven ocean circulation

Peter C. Chu

Abstract. The Earth true gravity (g) has been simplified in oceanography and meteorology into the standard gravity gs (= -g0k, g0 = 9.81 m s-2) with k the unit vector perpendicular to the spherical surface or the normal gn [= -g(φ)K] with K the unit vector perpendicular to the ellipsoidal surface. The gravity disturbance (δg = ggn) due to nonuniform Earth mass density is totally neglected. After including the gravity disturbance into the combined Sverdrup-Stommel-Munk equation for ocean circulation, the volume transport stream-function (Ψ) is driven by both gravity disturbance forcing (GDF) and surface wind forcing (i.e., curl τ) with τ the surface wind stress. The non-dimensional F number (i.e., ratio of global |GDF| versus global |curl τ|) is estimated as 0.6918 using three publicly available datasets in climatological, geodetic, and oceanographic communities. Such an F-value (0.6918) clearly shows the comparable GDF and surface wind stress curl in driving ocean circulation, and the urgency to include the gravity disturbance in ocean dynamics. Besides, this study also cleared up some misconceptions in gravity related valuables such as vertical, geopotential, marine geoid, and dynamic ocean topography.

This preprint has been withdrawn.

Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this preprint. The responsibility to include appropriate place names lies with the authors.
Peter C. Chu

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on os-2022-12', Anonymous Referee #1, 21 Mar 2022
  • RC2: 'RC1: 'Comment on os-2022-12', David Marshall', David P. Marshall, 23 Mar 2022
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Peter Chu, 29 Mar 2022
      • RC4: 'Reply on AC2', David P. Marshall, 31 Mar 2022
        • AC3: 'Reply on RC4', Peter Chu, 02 Apr 2022
  • RC3: 'Comment on os-2022-12', Anonymous Referee #2, 31 Mar 2022
    • AC5: 'Reply on RC3', Peter Chu, 04 Apr 2022
      • RC6: 'Reply on AC5', Anonymous Referee #2, 05 Apr 2022
        • AC6: 'Reply on RC6', Peter Chu, 08 Apr 2022
  • RC5: 'Comment on os-2022-12', Anonymous Referee #3, 02 Apr 2022
    • AC4: 'Reply on RC5', Peter Chu, 03 Apr 2022
  • EC1: 'Conclusion on os-2022-12', Karen J. Heywood, 08 Apr 2022
    • AC7: 'Reply on EC1', Peter Chu, 09 Apr 2022

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on os-2022-12', Anonymous Referee #1, 21 Mar 2022
  • RC2: 'RC1: 'Comment on os-2022-12', David Marshall', David P. Marshall, 23 Mar 2022
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Peter Chu, 29 Mar 2022
      • RC4: 'Reply on AC2', David P. Marshall, 31 Mar 2022
        • AC3: 'Reply on RC4', Peter Chu, 02 Apr 2022
  • RC3: 'Comment on os-2022-12', Anonymous Referee #2, 31 Mar 2022
    • AC5: 'Reply on RC3', Peter Chu, 04 Apr 2022
      • RC6: 'Reply on AC5', Anonymous Referee #2, 05 Apr 2022
        • AC6: 'Reply on RC6', Peter Chu, 08 Apr 2022
  • RC5: 'Comment on os-2022-12', Anonymous Referee #3, 02 Apr 2022
    • AC4: 'Reply on RC5', Peter Chu, 03 Apr 2022
  • EC1: 'Conclusion on os-2022-12', Karen J. Heywood, 08 Apr 2022
    • AC7: 'Reply on EC1', Peter Chu, 09 Apr 2022
Peter C. Chu
Peter C. Chu

Viewed

Total article views: 1,332 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total BibTeX EndNote
993 276 63 1,332 40 34
  • HTML: 993
  • PDF: 276
  • XML: 63
  • Total: 1,332
  • BibTeX: 40
  • EndNote: 34
Views and downloads (calculated since 23 Feb 2022)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 23 Feb 2022)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 1,251 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 1,251 with geography defined and 0 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 
Latest update: 09 Oct 2024
Download

This preprint has been withdrawn.

Short summary
The gravity disturbance due to nonuniform Earth mass density is totally neglected in oceanography since the Earth true gravity has been greatly simplified into the standard/normal gravity with uniform mass density. This paper shows comparable forcing in driving ocean circulation due to the gravity disturbance and due to the surface wind stress curl by the classical Sverdrup-Stommel-Munk equation with three publicly available datasets in climatological, geodetic, and oceanographic communities.