Articles | Volume 20, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1495-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1495-2024
Research article
 | 
25 Nov 2024
Research article |  | 25 Nov 2024

Tide–surge interaction observed at Singapore and the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia using a semi-empirical model

Zhi Yang Koh, Benjamin S. Grandey, Dhrubajyoti Samanta, Adam D. Switzer, Benjamin P. Horton, Justin Dauwels, and Lock Yue Chew

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Cited articles

Abd Razak, W. A. J., Ramli, M. Z., Baharim, N. B., Shubri, S. M., Zakaria, J., Harris, M. F., Ali, A., and Ariffin, E. H.: Storm surge induced by 2019 Tropical Storm Pabuk and impact on the shoreline in Kuala Nerus Terengganu, east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., 74, 103536, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103536, 2024. 
Antony, C. and Unnikrishnan, A. S.: Observed characteristics of tide-surge interaction along the east coast of India and the head of Bay of Bengal, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 131, 6–11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.004, 2013. 
Antony, C., Unnikrishnan, A. S., Krien, Y., Murty, P. L. N., Samiksha, S. V., and Islam, A. K. M. S.: Tide–surge interaction at the head of the Bay of Bengal during Cyclone Aila, Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., 35, 101133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101133, 2020. 
Arns, A., Wahl, T., Wolff, C., Vafeidis, A. T., Haigh, I. D., Woodworth, P., Niehüser, S., and Jensen, J.: Non-linear interaction modulates global extreme sea levels, coastal flood exposure, and impacts, Nat. Commun., 11, 1918, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15752-5, 2020. 
Bricheno, L., Cannaby, H., and Howard, T.: Singapore's second national climate change study – Phase 1, Chap. 9, E. Met Office, UK, Centre for Climate Research Singapore, National Oceanography Centre, UK, Csiro, and Newcastle University, UK, 2015. 
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Short summary
Identifying tide–surge interaction (TSI) is a complex task. We enhance existing statistical methods with a more-robust test that accounts for complex tides. We also develop a semi-empirical model to investigate the influence of one mechanism of TSI, tidal-phase alteration. We apply these techniques to tide-gauge records from Singapore and the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. We find TSI at all studied locations: tidal-phase alteration can change the timing of large surges.
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