Articles | Volume 19, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1123-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1123-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Jul 2023
Research article |
| 20 Jul 2023
| 20 Jul 2023
Impact of sea level changes on future wave conditions along the coasts of western Europe
Alisée A. Chaigneau
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS,
Toulouse, France
Mercator Ocean International, 42 Av. Gaspard Coriolis, 31000 Toulouse, France
Stéphane Law-Chune
Mercator Ocean International, 42 Av. Gaspard Coriolis, 31000 Toulouse, France
Angélique Melet
Mercator Ocean International, 42 Av. Gaspard Coriolis, 31000 Toulouse, France
Aurore Voldoire
CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS,
Toulouse, France
Guillaume Reffray
Mercator Ocean International, 42 Av. Gaspard Coriolis, 31000 Toulouse, France
Lotfi Aouf
Météo-France, 42 Av. Gaspard Coriolis, 31000 Toulouse, France
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Promoting best practices in ocean forecasting through an Operational Readiness Level E. Alvarez Fanjul et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1443284
- Future climate projections in the global coastal ocean J. Holt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103497
- Assessing future changes in Baltic sea extreme wave heights using a machine learning approach K. Dubois et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-025-05758-8
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Impacts and consequences R. van de Wal et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-3-slre1-5-2024
- Multi-Source Satellite Altimetry for Monitoring Storm Wave Footprints in the English Channel’s Coastal Areas E. Turki et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17183262
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Observations and projections A. Melet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-3-slre1-4-2024
- A Risk Assessment of Underwater Cultural Heritage for Wave-Induced Hazards: The Impact of Climate Change on Cadiz Bay C. Ferrero-Martín et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13010136
- Numerical models for monitoring and forecasting sea level: a short description of present status A. Melet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-5-opsr-11-2025
- Understanding the drivers of Extreme Coastal Water Levels in West Africa from oceanic and climatic processes E. Brempong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00136-2
- Study on the up-downstream water level correlation and the extreme water levels under flood-tide encounters of the Feiyun River main stream Z. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-024-11552-y
- Dynamic projections of extreme sea levels for western Europe based on ocean and wind-wave modelling A. Chaigneau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4031-2024
- Responses of wave and storm surge induced by the extreme tropical cyclone Hato (1713) to sea level rise in shelf–bay–channel multi-scale domains K. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0281637
- Morphodynamic variability of the Somme Bay on a multiannual scale in response to storms T. Goulas et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2026.105698
- Multi‐annual variability of storm events and morphological response in the SW Iceland: The Valahnúkamöl boulder barrier P. Stéphan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70072
- Multi-century global and regional sea-level rise commitments from cumulative greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades A. Nauels et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-025-02452-5
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Promoting best practices in ocean forecasting through an Operational Readiness Level E. Alvarez Fanjul et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1443284
- Future climate projections in the global coastal ocean J. Holt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103497
- Assessing future changes in Baltic sea extreme wave heights using a machine learning approach K. Dubois et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-025-05758-8
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Impacts and consequences R. van de Wal et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-3-slre1-5-2024
- Multi-Source Satellite Altimetry for Monitoring Storm Wave Footprints in the English Channel’s Coastal Areas E. Turki et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17183262
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Observations and projections A. Melet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-3-slre1-4-2024
- A Risk Assessment of Underwater Cultural Heritage for Wave-Induced Hazards: The Impact of Climate Change on Cadiz Bay C. Ferrero-Martín et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13010136
- Numerical models for monitoring and forecasting sea level: a short description of present status A. Melet et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-5-opsr-11-2025
- Understanding the drivers of Extreme Coastal Water Levels in West Africa from oceanic and climatic processes E. Brempong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00136-2
- Study on the up-downstream water level correlation and the extreme water levels under flood-tide encounters of the Feiyun River main stream Z. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-024-11552-y
- Dynamic projections of extreme sea levels for western Europe based on ocean and wind-wave modelling A. Chaigneau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4031-2024
- Responses of wave and storm surge induced by the extreme tropical cyclone Hato (1713) to sea level rise in shelf–bay–channel multi-scale domains K. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0281637
- Morphodynamic variability of the Somme Bay on a multiannual scale in response to storms T. Goulas et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2026.105698
- Multi‐annual variability of storm events and morphological response in the SW Iceland: The Valahnúkamöl boulder barrier P. Stéphan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70072
- Multi-century global and regional sea-level rise commitments from cumulative greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades A. Nauels et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-025-02452-5
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 22 Sep 2026
Short summary
Wind waves and swells are major drivers of coastal environment changes and can drive coastal marine hazards such as coastal flooding. In this paper, by using numerical modeling along the European Atlantic coastline, we assess how present and future wave characteristics are impacted by sea level changes. For example, at the end of the century under the SSP5-8.5 climate change scenario, extreme significant wave heights are higher by up to +40 % due to the effect of tides and mean sea level rise.
Wind waves and swells are major drivers of coastal environment changes and can drive coastal...
