Everett, M. E., Constable, S., and Constable, C. G.: Effects of near-surface conductance on global satellite induction responses,
Geophys. J. Int., 153, 277–286,
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01906.x, 2003.
a
Faraday, M.: The Bakerian Lecture, Experimental Researches in Electricity, Terrestrial Magneto-electric Induction,
Philos. T. R. Soc. Lond., 122, 163–194,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1851.0001, 1832.
a
Finlay, C. C., Maus, S., Beggan, C. D., Bondar, T. N., Chambodut, A., Chernova, T. A., Chulliat, A., Golovkov, V. P., Hamilton, B., Hamoudi, M., Holme, R., Hulot, G., Kuang, W., Langlais, B., Lesur, V., Lowes, F. J., Lühr, H., Macmillan, S., Mandea, M., McLean, S., Manoj, C., Menvielle, M., Michaelis, I., Olsen, N., Rauberg, J., Rother, M., Sabaka, T. J., Tangborn, A., Tøffner-Clausen, L., Thébault, E., Thomson, A. W. P., Wardinski, I., Wei, Z., and Zvereva, T. I.: International Geomagnetic Reference Field: the eleventh generation, Geophys. J. Int., 183, 1216–1230,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04804.x, 2010.
a
Forget, G., Campin, J.-M., Heimbach, P., Hill, C. N., Ponte, R. M., and Wunsch, C.: ECCO version 4: an integrated framework for non-linear inverse modeling and global ocean state estimation, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 3071–3104,
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3071-2015, 2015.
a
Fujii, I. and Utada, H.: On Geoelectric Potential Variations Over a Planetary
Scale, PhD thesis, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 81 pp., 2000.
a,
b,
c
Fukumori, I., Wang, O., Fenty, I., Forget, G., Heimbach, P., and Ponte, R. M.: ECCO version 4, release 3, Tech. Rep., JPL/Caltech and NASA Physical Oceanography, 10 pp.,
https://doi.org/1721.1/110380, 2017.
a
Grayver, A. V., Munch, F. D., Kuvshinov, A. V., Khan, A., and Sabaka, T. J.:
Joint inversion of satellite-detected tidal and magnetospheric signals
constrains electrical conductivity and water content of the upper mantle and
transition zone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 6074–6081,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073446, 2017.
a
Irrgang, C., Saynisch, J., and Thomas, M.: Impact of variable seawater conductivity on motional induction simulated with an ocean general circulation model, Ocean Sci., 12, 129–136,
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-129-2016, 2016b.
a
Irrgang, C., Saynisch, J., and Thomas, M.: Utilizing oceanic electromagnetic
induction to constrain an ocean general circulation model: A data
assimilation twin experiment, JAMES, 9, 1703–1720,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS000951, 2017.
a,
b
Koyama, T.: A study on the electrical conductivity of the mantle by voltage
measurements of submarine cables, PhD thesis, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 130 pp., 2001. a
Lanzerotti, L. J., Thomson, D. J., Meloni, A., Medford, L. V., and Maclennan,
C. G.: Electromagnetic study of the Atlantic continental margin using a
section of a transatlantic cable, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 7417–7427, 1986. a
Lanzerotti, L. J., Medford, L. V., Kraus, J. S., Maclennan, C. G., and
Hunsucker, R. D.: Possible measurements of small-amplitude TID's using
parallel, unpowered telecommunications cables, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
19, 253–256, 1992a.
a,
b,
c
Lanzerotti, L. J., Sayres, C. H., Medford, L. V., Kraus, J. S., and Maclennan, C. G.: Earth potential over 4000 km between Hawaii and California, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1177–1180, 1992b. a
Lanzerotti, L. J., Medford, L. V., Maclennan, C. G., and Thomson, D. J.:
Studies of Large-Scale Earth Potentials Across Oceanic Distances,
AT&T Tech. J., 74, 73–84,
https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1995.tb00185.x, 1995.
a
Lanzerotti, L. J., Medford, L. V., Maclennan, C. G., Kraus, J. S., Kappenman,
J., and Radasky, W.: Trans-atlantic geopotentials during the July 2000 solar
event and geomagnetic storm, Solar Physics, 204, 351–359, 2001.
a,
b
Larsen, J. C.: Electric and Magnetic Fields Induced by Deep Sea Tides,
Geophys. J. Roy. Astr. S., 16, 47–70, 1968. a
Larsen, J. C.: Transport and heat flux of the Florida Current at 27
∘ N derived from cross-stream voltages and profiling data: theory and observations, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. A, 338, 169–236,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1992.0007, 1992.
a,
b,
c,
d
Malin, S. R. C.: Separation of lunar daily geomagnetic variations into parts
of ionospheric and oceanic origin,
Geophys. J. Roy. Astr. S., 21, 447–455, 1970. a
Manoj, C., Kuvshinov, A., Neetu, S., and Harinarayana, T.: Can undersea
voltage measurements detect tsunamis?, Earth Planets Space, 62,
353–358,
https://doi.org/10.5047/eps.2009.10.001, 2010.
a
Meinen, C. S., Smith, R. H., and Garcia, R. F.: Evaluating pressure gauges as a potential future replacement for electromagnetic cable observations of the
Florida Current transport at 27
∘ N,
J. Oper. Oceanogr., 0, 1–11,
https://doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2020.1780757, 2020.
a
Pedatella, N. M., Liu, H., and Richmond, A. D.: Atmospheric semidiurnal lunar tide climatology simulated by the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, J. Geophys. Res., 117, A06327,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JA017792, 2012.
a,
b
Rehfeld, K., Marwan, N., Heitzig, J., and Kurths, J.: Comparison of correlation analysis techniques for irregularly sampled time series, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 18, 389–404,
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-18-389-2011, 2011.
a
Šachl, L., Martinec, Z., Velímský, J., Irrgang, C., Petereit, J., Saynisch, J., Einšpigel, D., and Schnepf, N. R.: Modelling of electromagnetic signatures of global ocean circulation: physical approximations and numerical issues, Earth Planets Space, 71, 58,
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-019-1033-7, 2019.
a,
b,
c
Schnepf, N. R.: Going electric: Incorporating marine electromagnetism into
ocean assimilation models, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 9,
1772–1775,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001130, 2017.
a
Schnepf, N. R., Nair, M., Maute, A., Pedatella, N. M., Kuvshinov, A., and
Richmond, A. D.: A Comparison of Model-Based Ionospheric and Ocean Tidal
Magnetic Signals With Observatory Data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45,
7257–7267,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078487, 2018.
a,
b
Shimizu, H., Koyama, T., and Utada, H.: An observational constraint on the
strength of the toroidal magnetic field at the CMB by time variation of
submarine cable voltages, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 4023–4026,
1998.
a,
b
Szuts, Z. B., Bower, A. S., Donohue, K. A., Girton, J. B., Hummon, J. M.,
Katsumata, K., Lumpkin, R., Ortner, P. B., Phillips, H. E., Rossby, H. T.,
Shay, L. K., Sun, C., and Todd, R. E.: The Scientific and Societal Uses of
Global Measurements of Subsurface Velocity, Frontiers in Marine Science, 6,
358,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00358, 2019.
a
Tyler, R. H., Maus, S., and Lühr, H.: Satellite observations of magnetic fields due to ocean tidal flow, Science, 299, 239–241,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1078074, 2003.
a
Tyler, R. H., Boyer, T. P., Minami, T., Zweng, M. M., and Reagan, J. R.:
Electrical conductivity of the global ocean, Earth Planets Space, 69, 156,
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-017-0739-7, 2017.
a
Vanyan, L. L., Utada, H., Shimizu, H., Tanaka, Y., Palshin, N. A., Stepanov,
V., Kouznetsov, V., Medzhitov, R. D., and Nozdrina, A.: Studies on the
lithosphere and the water transport by using the Japan Sea submarine cable
(JASC): 1. Theoretical considerations, Earth Planets Space, 50, 35–42,
https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03352084, 1998.
a
Velímský, J.: Determination of three-dimensional distribution of
electrical conductivity in the Earth's mantle from Swarm satellite data:
Time-domain approach, Earth Planets Space, 65, 1239–1246,
https://doi.org/10.5047/eps.2013.08.001, 2013.
a
Velímský, J. and Martinec, Z.: Time-domain, spherical
harmonic-finite element approach to transient three-dimensional geomagnetic
induction in a spherical heterogeneous earth,
Geophys. J. Int., 161, 81–101,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02546.x, 2005.
a
Velímský, J., Šachl, L., and Martinec, Z.: The global
toroidal magnetic field generated in the Earth's oceans,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 509, 47–54,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.12.026, 2019.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e