Articles | Volume 13, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-443-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-443-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Quantifying the impact of basin dynamics on the regional sea level rise in the Black Sea
Arseny A. Kubryakov
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Marine Hydrophysical
Institute of RAS”, Sevastopol, Russia
Institute of Earth Sciences, Saint Petersburg State University, St.
Petersburg, Russia
Sergey V. Stanichny
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Marine Hydrophysical
Institute of RAS”, Sevastopol, Russia
Denis L. Volkov
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University
of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Miami, FL,
USA
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In this article, we use Bio-Argo data to demonstrate the opposite impact of winter convection and self-shading on chlorophyll's vertical distribution in the Black Sea. During cold winter, a larger amount of nutrients is entrained in the upper layer. The chlorophyll concentration (Chl) in upper layers increases, which shades the deeper layers, where Chl decreases. The opposite is observed in warm years, when light penetrates to the nitrocline and Chl increase in deeper layers.
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Manuscript not accepted for further review
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In a year with cold winter, a larger amount of nutrients is convectively entrained in the upper layer, which increases the growth of phytoplankton in the upper layer and causes self-shading of deeper layers. In years with warm winter convective nutrient fluxes are low, the amount of phytoplankton and light attenuation decreases and light penetrates to the layer of nitrate maximum which causes intense summer deep bloom. The yearly-averaged concentration of chlorophyll in both years is comparable.
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Atmospheric deposition of inorganic fixed nitrogen has been evaluated and quantified for the Black Sea at different spatial and temporal scales. The effect of this deposition has appeared comparable to riverine load of nutrients. This atmospheric deposition can dramatically increase primary production with the major effects for off-shore regions. It does support the currently highly eutrophic state of the Black Sea and prevents rehabilitation of this ecosystem.
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Short summary
The Black Sea dynamics impact on the local sea level rise. In recent decades, the increase of the wind curl induced the intensification of the cyclonic circulation and divergence in the basin center. As a result, the sea level rise in the coastal areas is 1.5–2 times higher than in the basin center. Additional heterogeneity of sea level trends is related to the changes of the mesoscale dynamics. The large-scale dynamic sea level and its rise can be estimated using atmospheric reanalysis data.
The Black Sea dynamics impact on the local sea level rise. In recent decades, the increase of...