Articles | Volume 12, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-1165-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-1165-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Nov 2016
Research article |
| 11 Nov 2016
El Niño, La Niña, and the global sea level budget
Christopher G. Piecuch
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
Katherine J. Quinn
Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
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Cited
28 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Large-Scale Mode Impacts on the Sea Level over the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden K. Alawad et al. 10.3390/rs11192224
- Sea level instantaneous budget for 2003–2015 D. Mu et al. 10.1093/gji/ggab506
- On the “Cal‐Mode” Correction to TOPEX Satellite Altimetry and Its Effect on the Global Mean Sea Level Time Series B. Beckley et al. 10.1002/2017JC013090
- Investigating the influence of temperature and seawater δ18O on Donax obesulus (Reeve, 1854) shell δ18O J. Warner et al. 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120638
- Tide gauge records reveal improved processing of gravity recovery and climate experiment time-variable mass solutions over the coastal ocean C. Piecuch et al. 10.1093/gji/ggy207
- Contributions of Altimetry and Argo to Non‐Closure of the Global Mean Sea Level Budget Since 2016 A. Barnoud et al. 10.1029/2021GL092824
- Sea-level change in the Dutch Wadden Sea B. Vermeersen et al. 10.1017/njg.2018.7
- Influence of interannual variability in estimating the rate and acceleration of present-day global mean sea level L. Moreira et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103450
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Observations and projections A. Melet et al. 10.5194/sp-3-slre1-4-2024
- Significant Increase in Global Steric Sea Level Variations over the Past 40 Years J. Xie et al. 10.3390/rs16132466
- Origin of interannual variability in global mean sea level B. Hamlington et al. 10.1073/pnas.1922190117
- The rate of global sea level rise doubled during the past three decades B. Hamlington et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01761-5
- Contemporary sea-level changes from global to local scales: a review A. Cazenave & L. Moreira 10.1098/rspa.2022.0049
- Extrapolating Empirical Models of Satellite‐Observed Global Mean Sea Level to Estimate Future Sea Level Change R. Nerem et al. 10.1029/2021EF002290
- Global ocean freshening, ocean mass increase and global mean sea level rise over 2005–2015 W. Llovel et al. 10.1038/s41598-019-54239-2
- Argo—Two Decades: Global Oceanography, Revolutionized G. Johnson et al. 10.1146/annurev-marine-022521-102008
- Basin-Scale Sea Level Budget from Satellite Altimetry, Satellite Gravimetry, and Argo Data over 2005 to 2019 Y. Yang et al. 10.3390/rs14184637
- Dynamic Sea Level Variability Due to Seasonal River Discharge: A Preliminary Global Ocean Model Study C. Piecuch & R. Wadehra 10.1029/2020GL086984
- An investigation of ocean mass budget in the East China Sea during the GRACE era Y. Gu et al. 10.1016/j.jog.2024.102043
- The Dominant Global Modes of Recent Internal Sea Level Variability B. Hamlington et al. 10.1029/2018JC014635
- Cause of Substantial Global Mean Sea Level Rise Over 2014–2016 W. Llovel et al. 10.1029/2023GL104709
- Adequacy of the Ocean Observation System for Quantifying Regional Heat and Freshwater Storage and Change M. Palmer et al. 10.3389/fmars.2019.00416
- Evolution of Ocean Heat Content Related to ENSO L. Cheng et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0607.1
- Underlying drivers of decade-long fluctuation in the global mean sea-level rise H. Cha et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3d58
- As El Niño builds, Pacific Warm Pool expands, ocean gains more heat G. Johnson & A. Birnbaum 10.1002/2016GL071767
- Global Terrestrial Water Storage Reconstruction Using Cyclostationary Empirical Orthogonal Functions (1979–2020) H. Chandanpurkar et al. 10.3390/rs14225677
- Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies Emphasize Interannual Variations in Global Mean Sea Level During 1997–1998 and 2015–2016 El Niño Events Y. Kuo et al. 10.1029/2021GL094104
- Processing Choices Affect Ocean Mass Estimates From GRACE B. Uebbing et al. 10.1029/2018JC014341
28 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Large-Scale Mode Impacts on the Sea Level over the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden K. Alawad et al. 10.3390/rs11192224
- Sea level instantaneous budget for 2003–2015 D. Mu et al. 10.1093/gji/ggab506
- On the “Cal‐Mode” Correction to TOPEX Satellite Altimetry and Its Effect on the Global Mean Sea Level Time Series B. Beckley et al. 10.1002/2017JC013090
- Investigating the influence of temperature and seawater δ18O on Donax obesulus (Reeve, 1854) shell δ18O J. Warner et al. 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120638
- Tide gauge records reveal improved processing of gravity recovery and climate experiment time-variable mass solutions over the coastal ocean C. Piecuch et al. 10.1093/gji/ggy207
- Contributions of Altimetry and Argo to Non‐Closure of the Global Mean Sea Level Budget Since 2016 A. Barnoud et al. 10.1029/2021GL092824
- Sea-level change in the Dutch Wadden Sea B. Vermeersen et al. 10.1017/njg.2018.7
- Influence of interannual variability in estimating the rate and acceleration of present-day global mean sea level L. Moreira et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103450
- Sea Level Rise in Europe: Observations and projections A. Melet et al. 10.5194/sp-3-slre1-4-2024
- Significant Increase in Global Steric Sea Level Variations over the Past 40 Years J. Xie et al. 10.3390/rs16132466
- Origin of interannual variability in global mean sea level B. Hamlington et al. 10.1073/pnas.1922190117
- The rate of global sea level rise doubled during the past three decades B. Hamlington et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01761-5
- Contemporary sea-level changes from global to local scales: a review A. Cazenave & L. Moreira 10.1098/rspa.2022.0049
- Extrapolating Empirical Models of Satellite‐Observed Global Mean Sea Level to Estimate Future Sea Level Change R. Nerem et al. 10.1029/2021EF002290
- Global ocean freshening, ocean mass increase and global mean sea level rise over 2005–2015 W. Llovel et al. 10.1038/s41598-019-54239-2
- Argo—Two Decades: Global Oceanography, Revolutionized G. Johnson et al. 10.1146/annurev-marine-022521-102008
- Basin-Scale Sea Level Budget from Satellite Altimetry, Satellite Gravimetry, and Argo Data over 2005 to 2019 Y. Yang et al. 10.3390/rs14184637
- Dynamic Sea Level Variability Due to Seasonal River Discharge: A Preliminary Global Ocean Model Study C. Piecuch & R. Wadehra 10.1029/2020GL086984
- An investigation of ocean mass budget in the East China Sea during the GRACE era Y. Gu et al. 10.1016/j.jog.2024.102043
- The Dominant Global Modes of Recent Internal Sea Level Variability B. Hamlington et al. 10.1029/2018JC014635
- Cause of Substantial Global Mean Sea Level Rise Over 2014–2016 W. Llovel et al. 10.1029/2023GL104709
- Adequacy of the Ocean Observation System for Quantifying Regional Heat and Freshwater Storage and Change M. Palmer et al. 10.3389/fmars.2019.00416
- Evolution of Ocean Heat Content Related to ENSO L. Cheng et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0607.1
- Underlying drivers of decade-long fluctuation in the global mean sea-level rise H. Cha et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac3d58
- As El Niño builds, Pacific Warm Pool expands, ocean gains more heat G. Johnson & A. Birnbaum 10.1002/2016GL071767
- Global Terrestrial Water Storage Reconstruction Using Cyclostationary Empirical Orthogonal Functions (1979–2020) H. Chandanpurkar et al. 10.3390/rs14225677
- Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies Emphasize Interannual Variations in Global Mean Sea Level During 1997–1998 and 2015–2016 El Niño Events Y. Kuo et al. 10.1029/2021GL094104
- Processing Choices Affect Ocean Mass Estimates From GRACE B. Uebbing et al. 10.1029/2018JC014341
Latest update: 30 Jan 2025
Short summary
We use satellite and in situ data to elucidate global-mean sea level (GMSL) changes related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) over 2005–2015. Steric and mass effects make comparable contributions to the GMSL budget during ENSO, in contrast to previous interpretations based largely on hydrological models, which emphasize mass contributions. Results exemplify the usefulness of the Global Ocean Observing System for understanding the Earth's radiation imbalance and hydrological cycle.
We use satellite and in situ data to elucidate global-mean sea level (GMSL) changes related to...
