<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">OSD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Ocean Science Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">OSD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Ocean Sci. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1812-0822</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/osd-7-121-2010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Operational oceanography in support to indicator reporting</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Johannessen</surname>
<given-names>J. A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Coppini</surname>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Soulat</surname>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Larnicol</surname>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen, Norway</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Bologna, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Università di Bologna (UNIBO), Ravenna, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS), Ramonville Saint-Agne, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>141</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2010 J. A. Johannessen et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2010</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://os.copernicus.org/preprints/7/121/2010/osd-7-121-2010.html">This article is available from https://os.copernicus.org/preprints/7/121/2010/osd-7-121-2010.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://os.copernicus.org/preprints/7/121/2010/osd-7-121-2010.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://os.copernicus.org/preprints/7/121/2010/osd-7-121-2010.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Operational Oceanography (OO) has now emerged to a stage that allows the
design, development and execution of marine core services tailored to user requirements. As
such it is also feasible to provide routine production of
environmental and climate indicators. Indicators are synthetic indices of
environmental changes at various temporal and spatial scales. In this paper
we outline the possible contribution and strengthening of existing indicator reporting based
on OO products followed by a discussion of the relevance of such improved
reporting for marine environmental policy implementation and regulation. In
particular, it capitalizes on the main achievements of the Marine Environment and
Security of the European Area (MERSEA) project, the outcome of a European Marine Monitoring
and Assessment (EMMA) workshop on the connection between operational
oceanography and the European Marine Strategy (EMS) Directive and the
regular European Environmental Agency (EEA) assessment reports.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="21"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Ablain, M., Cazenave, A., Valladeau, G., and Guinehut, S.: A new assessment of the error budget of global mean sea level rate estimated by satellite altimetry over 1993–2008, Ocean Sci., 5, 193–201, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Bahurel, P., Adragna, F., Bell, M., Jacq, F., Johannessen, J. A., Le Traon, P.-Y., Pinardi, N., and She, J.: MyOCEAN-A European example of a Post-GODAE initiative, online available at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.godae.org/modules/documents/documents/Proceedings-GFS-2008.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.godae.org/modules/documents/documents/Proceedings-GFS-2008.pdf&lt;/a&gt;, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Coppini, G., Pinardi, N., Lyubartsev, V., Soulat, F., Larnicol, G., Guinehut, S., Pujol, I., Johannessen, J. A., Fratianni, C., Tonani, M., Marullo, S., Loewe, P., Santoleri, R., Colella, S., and Volpe, G.: Operational Oceanography and European Environment Agency indicators, Proceedings EuroGOOS, submitted, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Desaubies, Y.: The Mersea Project – Introduction to the Ocean Science Special Issue June 18, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">EEA-Impacts of Europe&apos;s changing climate: An indicator-based assessment, EEA Report No.&amp;nbsp;2, 2004.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">EEA-led EMMA OO Workshop (EEA, Copenhagen, 23–24 October 2006): &quot;Connecting operational oceanography with the European Marine Strategy and EEA assessments&quot; – Final report: &lt;a href=&quot;http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/marine/library?l=/workingsgroups/europeansmarinesmonitori/eea-led_2006-2007/operational_oceanography/4_-_report/final_201206pdf/_EN_1.0_&amp;a=d&quot;&gt;http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/marine/library?l=/workingsgroups/europeansmarinesmonitori/eea-led_2006-2007/operational_oceanography/4_-_report/final_201206pdf/_EN_1.0_&amp;a=d&lt;/a&gt;, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Hammond, A., Adriaanse, A., Rodenburg, E., Bryant, D., and Woodward, R.: Environmental indicators: a systematic approach to measuring and reporting on environmental policy performance in the context of sustainable development, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, 1995.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Hardman-Mountford, N. J. and Huthnance, J. M.: The Development of useful indicators for marine processes and climate (MPC) and u nderwater sound, Prepared for GOOS Action Group of the Interagency Committee for Marine Science and Technology (IACMST), March 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Iversen, S., Skogen, M. D., and Svendsen, E.: Availability of horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in the north-eastern North Sea, predicted by the transport of Atlantic water, Fish. Oceanogr., 11(4), 245–250, 2002.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Johannessen, J. A., Chapron, B., Collard, F., Kudryavtsev, V., Mouche, A., Akimov, D., and Dagestad, K.-F.: A model of combined backscatter and Doppler shifts for surface velocity estimation from SAR images, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L22608, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035709, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Mee, L. D., Jefferson, R., Laffoley, D. d&apos;A., and Elliott, M.: How good is good? Human values and Europe&apos;s proposed Marine Strategy Directive, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 56(2), 187–204, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Smeets, E. and Weterings, R.: Environmental Indicators: Typology and Overview, online available at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/TEC25/tech_25_text.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/TEC25/tech_25_text.pdf&lt;/a&gt;, 1999.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Technical Report 25, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, online available at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://reports.eea.eu.int:80/TEC25/en/tech 25 text.pdf&quot;&gt;http://reports.eea.eu.int:80/TEC25/en/tech 25 text.pdf&lt;/a&gt;, 1999.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>